May 18-22
Listen to the audio and do the exercises.
English in Mind, page 18, Memory
Read the text and check your ideas.
May 12
- Read the text and answer the questions following it.
Chinese New Year is the celebration of the New Year in Chinese communities around the world. The date of the Chinese New Year is determined by the lunar calendar, so festivities begin with the new cycle of the moon that falls between January 21 and February 19. Each year is named for one of 12 symbolic animals in sequence. The animals are: the rat, ox, tiger, hare, dragon, serpent, horse, ram, monkey, rooster, dog and boar. The New Year celebration is the most important and the longest of all Chinese festivals, traditionally lasting for two weeks. During the period, towns and villages are decorated with colored lanterns, floral exhibitions, and brightly colored banners with New Year greetings. Preparations traditionally began in the home the week before the New Year, when families thoroughly clean their houses to symbolically sweep away all traces of misfortune. They also pay of debts, add a new coat of red paint to doors and windowpanes, and decorate the home with flowers. To avoid bad luck, parents warn their children to be on their best behaviour. On the evening before the New Year, families gather for a feast of various dishes of seafood and dumplings. Each dish has symbolic meaning, often signifying good luck and prosperity. At midnight, families light fireworks to attract the attention of benevolent god and to frighten away evils spirits. The fireworks last until dawn, although celebrants may light more fireworks for the next two weeks.
- How is the date of the Chinese New Year determined?
2. When do festivities begin?
3. Why do families light fireworks?
4. The word various is synonymous to ...
2. Write the verbs in the right tense form.
After I had lunch at a village inn, I (1) … for my bag. (to look) (2). I … it on the chair beside the door but it wasn’t there! (to leave). As I (3) … it, the inn-keeper came in. (to look for)
“Did you have a good meal?” he asked.
“Yes, thank you. ” I answered, ” but I can’t pay the bill. I haven’t got my bag. “
The inn-keeper (4) … and immediately went out. (to smile). in a few minutes he returned with my bag and (5) … it back to me. (to give)
“I am sorry, ” he said. My dog had taken in into the garden. He often does this”.
3. Translate the sentences form Armenian into English.
- Եթե մենք նրան չօգնենք, նա չի կարողանա ավարտել աշխատանքը։
- Թոմն ասաց, որ նա չի կարող ընդունել մեր առաջարկը։
- Ջորջը նկատեց, որ անձրևանոցը մոռացել է տանը։
- Տնօրենն ասաց, որ փաստաթղթերը պատրաստ կլինեն ժամը 3-ին։
- Երբ ես խոսեցի նրա հետ, նա շատ բարկացած էր։
4. Speak on the following topic.
My hobby.
May 3-7
All Over the Place
English in Mind, pages 14, 15, 16
April 26-30
Ways of Living, English in Mind, pages 10, 11, 12
Grammar: too much, many, not enough
April 19-23
English in Mind, pages 8,9
Read the text and check your answers.
April 12- 17
English in Mind, pages 4,5,6
Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.
- She sang a song. –
- Somebody hit me. –
- We stopped the bus. –
- A thief stole my car. –
- They didn’t let him go. –
- She didn’t win the prize. –
- They didn’t make their beds. –
- I did not tell them. –
- Did you tell them? –
- Did he send the letter? –
Fill in the verb in the Past Active or Passive Voice.
- The Cape of Good Hope … (discovered / was discovered) by Bartolomeo Dias.
- The clown … (entertained / was entertained) the public.
- We … (arrived/ were arrived) at the camp in time.
- Many experiments … (did/ were done) under water.
- Many people … (invited / were invited) to the festival.
- They … (discussed / were discussed) many exciting things.
- I … (learnt / was learnt) many interesting things in this unit.
- What artist … (painted / was painted) this picture?
March 29- April 2
EASTER IN ARMENIA: HOW ARMENIANS CELEBRATE EASTER
The aim of the project is the acquaintance of learners with the Christian holiday of Easter and its customs.
The process: Students will make short videos and tell us how their families celebrate Easter, they’ll learn Easter poems and songs.
Armenians have a strong and remarkable connection to God. As we are the first country to embrace Christianity in 301 AD, we keep the religious traditions and customs that came from many years. And one of the most famous and important feasts that Armenians celebrate is Easter. This holiday brings the connection between God and Armenians significantly closer.
Easter time is generally called Surb Zatik in Armenia, which connotes “being confined from sins.” During this time, Armenian Apostolic churches acclaim the resurrection of Jesus Christ. As, when Jesus was crucified, humanity persevered through the absolution of sins.
Armenians celebrate Easter with happiness and exaltation as it is probably the holiest time of the Armenian Apostolic Church.
There is no distinct date for this holiday, and it changes every year. It is consistently celebrated between March 22 to April 26. It is because the Armenian Apostolic Church celebrates Easter on the first following Sunday of the primary full moon, after the Spring equinox. The Holy celebration will be commended on 4 April, in 2021.
There is a Holy Week that is before Easter. After the primary liturgy on Saturday night, all Armenians acclaim the resurrection of Jesus Christ and say the accompanying expression, “Christ is risen from the dead,” to which you should answer, “Blessed is the resurrection of Christ”. And the main celebration of Easter starts on Sunday with a sacred service. With this, all Armenians finish the Great Lent that was held for seven weeks. It is said that all the believers ought to follow a 40-day lent to clean their bodies from sins and lavishness and refine their spirits, just like Jesus Christ.
Easter is admired in Armenia well before its date. There are various traditions related to Easter. The first, being the course of action of planting wheat seeds. After the seeds are grown like green grass, they put the red-colored eggs on them, symbolizing new life and birth. The eggs should be painted particularly in red as they address the shed blood of Jesus.
Another tradition is to paint those eggs red with natural ingredients, like onion layers. You boil the eggs with the onion strips in a bowl, and the color from the peels naturally shade the eggs. There is a fun and engaging game that all the kids love during Easter time. As expressed by the custom, two people should “fight” the eggs together. After picking an egg, each family member should hit it to the following egg. The egg that cracks, loses.
While celebrating Easter with Armenians you will moreover see another customary dish on the table that is an unquestionable requirement. It is the Armenian trout with red wine. Even though fish and red wine go poorly together, they address the dishes that are referred to in the Bible. The wine that Jesus created from water and fish was split between people.
In addition to this dish, you can also find a bowl of cooked rice with dried fruits and raisins that portray mankind and Christians around the planet.
Armenians additionally cheer Easter with traditional dances and songs. There is another and enchanting tradition among youth to gather around near Churches in Yerevan and dance traditional folk dances, sing traditional songs. Along these lines, Armenians keep the spirit of their ancestors and commemorate Easter with preserved traditions.
March 15-19
Are you fun to be with?
English in Mind, page 50
1. What’s your favorite way to spend a day off?
2. What type of music are you into?
3. What was the best vacation you ever took and why?
4. Where’s the next place on your travel bucket list and why?
5, .What are your hobbies, and how did you get into them?
6. What was your favorite age growing up?
7. Was the last thing you read?
8. Would you say you’re more of an extrovert or an introvert?
9. What’s your favorite ice cream topping?
10. What was the last TV show you binge-watched
12. Do you have a favorite holiday? Why or why not?
13. If you could only eat one food for the rest of your life, what would it be?
14. Do you like going to the movies or prefer watching at home?
15. In the summer, would you rather go to the beach or go camping?
16. What’s your favorite quote from a TV show/movie/book?
17. How old were you when you had your first celebrity crush, and who was it?
28. What’s one thing that can instantly make your day better?
March 9-12
Famous Women in History
In this lesson, students choose a woman they feel contributed something important to society and then create a presentation about her and the contribution. A variety of choices are offered …
Test
Choose from the following prepositions at, by, for, from, in, on, with and complete the sentences.
- Where do you come … ?
- My cousin lives … Norway.
- They are walking … the bridge.
- I don’t like flying, so I went to Paris … bus.
- You can stay … me tonight.
- My birthday is … 29th February.
- I’ll see you … Christmas.
- Put the books… the table, please.
- I haven’t seen you … ages.
- I like this house … the river.
Use the verbs in brackets to complete the sentences. Use the correct tense.
1. When I (look) out of the window, I (see) John.
2. you ever (play) the piano since you left school?
3. …I (not see) him for two days.
4. When he (try) to open the door, he (drop) his key.
5. They (live) in this house since 1987.
6. My father (wash) his car while my mother and I (prepare) dinner.
7. … you (meet) her yesterday?
8. Mary (be) in London for three days.
9. The headmaster (enter) the classroom when they (write) their exams.
10. He (buy) a new car last week.
11. I think that they (arrive) tomorrow morning.
12. Last Wednesday they (play) chess after they (do) their homework.
Choose the correct pronouns to complete the sentences.
1. The old woman lived alone, with —- to look after —-.
A) someone / her
B) anyone / herself
C) everyone / she
D) no one / her
E) anyone / she’s
2. —- two rings here on my little finger belonged to —- grandmother.
A) These / my
B) That / mine
C) Those / me
D) The / myself
E) This / my
3. When the little boy grabbed the lizard, —- tail broke off in —- hand.
A) it’s / his
B) it / him
C) its / his
D) it / one’s
E) its / he’s
4. A baby learns the meaning of words as —- are spoken by others and later uses —- in sentences.
A) their / they
B) they / them
C) they / themselves
D) it / them
E) they / it
5. Some of these clothes are —-, and the rest of —- belong to Zack.
A) yours / it
B) my / them
C) hers / their
D) me / they
E) mine / them
6. As for —-, I prefer to let people make up —- minds.
A) myself / each other’s
B) I / his own
C) mine / one another’s
D) me / their own
E) my / theirs
7. The solicitor wrote a letter to Ann and —- in which he asked us if we could settle the matter between —-.
A) I / us
B) me / us
C) myself / ours
D) mine / our
E) me / we
8. As —- cuts it as well as he does, I always have my hair cut at Johnson’s.
A) anyone
B) someone else’s
C) no one else
D) everyone
E) nobody’s
9. They decided to buy the house because —- location would allow —- to get to work very easily.
A) theirs / them
B) it / themselves
C) its / them
D) they / us
E) its / their
10. Our dog is of a very good breed as —- is the offspring of two very champion dogs and inherited —- features.
A) this / its
B) he / them
C) she / theirs
D) that / his
E) it / their
Complete the following exercise with adjective or adverb form of the words.
1. That pitbull looks . (angry)
2. She spoke . (quiet)
3. Erica listened to her mother . (careful)
4. Mary makes mistakes. (careless)
5. Children grow (quick)
6. He is very today. (happy)
7. It’s raining . (heavy)
8. Morgan was hurt in a car accident. (serious)
9. His situation was very . (serious)
March 01-05
The Power of Humor, page 48
Laughter is very good for us because it releases tension.
- Are you humorous?
- Can you tell about a time when you were very funny?
- What kind of humor do you like? Do you like many kinds?
- Why do people say laughter is the best medicine?
- Can you tell about a time when you laughed at yourself?
- What type of humor do you like?
- Do you like to tell jokes?
- Are you a good joke teller?
- What sort of things make you laugh?
- How frequently do you laugh every day?
- Do you laugh out loud or do you chuckle quietly?
- Do you sometimes laugh in situations which are not amusing?
- Laughter is catching. Do you start laughing when you see or hear other people laughing? Why do you think this happens?
- What is the difference between “laughing at someone” and “laughing with someone”?
- Does your language have equivalent expressions for
- “I nearly died laughing!” or “I cracked up (with laughter)!”?
- “He was the laughing stock”
- “Don’t make me laugh!”
February 22-26
English in Mind, page 47, read the text “Coming on age in Japan”.
Discussion
Do you always agree with your best friend? Do you ever argue?
Amy normally hated Monday mornings, but this term had been different. Kamal was in her art class and she really liked Kamal. She was waiting outside the art class when her friend Tara arrived.
“Hi Amy! Your mum texted me. You forgot your inhaler and your phone’s switched off again!” Amy wasn’t good with technology. She never sent text messages and she didn’t have a Facebook account either.
“So, did he ask you to the disco then?” Amy wished she hadn’t told Tara about her feelings for Kamal. Tara was Amy’s best friend and she thought that gave her the right to know everything about Amy’s life. “I don’t think he’s interested,” said Amy. “Anyway, you can never see him on his own. He’s always with Grant.” Neither of them liked Grant.
“Have you heard about their art project?” asked Amy. “Yes, it’s something to do with graffiti, I think,” said Tara. “They’ve been working on it at that abandoned house behind the factory.” “But isn’t that really dangerous?” asked Amy. “Aah, are you worried your boyfriend’s going to get hurt?” Tara teased. “Shut up! Hey look, here they come now!”
Kamal and Grant walked over, whispering to each other. “Hi Kamal!” said Tara, ignoring Grant. “Are you going to the Halloween disco tomorrow?” “Maybe. Hi Amy,” Kamal said, smiling. “Do you want to come up to the house and see our graffiti project after school?” Tara elbowed Amy. “I’m coming too!” she insisted.
After school that day, Kamal took the girls to the abandoned house. No one had lived there for years. There was rubbish everywhere. The windows were broken and there was mould on the walls. It was creepy and Amy didn’t like it. The boys had cleared the rubbish out of one room and the walls were covered in paintings of zombies and skeletons. “We’re going to take photos and enter them in the school competition,” said Kamal proudly. Amy didn’t seem impressed. “Very nice,” she said sarcastically. “Where’s Grant?” asked Tara. “Er, he’s gone to buy paint.” Kamal looked away quickly. “Aaah, have you two had a fight, then?” Tara jeered. “It’s getting dark,” said Amy. “Can we go now?” She had had enough of zombies for one day.
Just then, they heard a loud groaning noise coming from a cupboard in the corner of the room. “What was that?” Amy looked frightened. “I didn’t hear anything,” said Kamal. Something started banging against the door and moaning in a low voice. Someone or something was behind the door. “Oh no! What is it?” Amy was trembling now. “What are you talking about? There’s nothing!” Kamal was trying not to smile when the door suddenly burst open and a horrible, bloodstained zombie appeared, moaning and waving its arms. Amy screamed and covered her eyes. “Oh, very funny, Grant!” said Tara, looking bored. Kamal and Grant started giggling. “Ha ha, I scared you!” Grant laughed, very happy with himself. Tara turned to Amy to suggest leaving and noticed her friend was having trouble breathing. Kamal looked worried now. “Is she OK? We were only joking.” “No she’s not OK, you idiot. She’s having an asthma attack and she hasn’t got her inhaler.” Tara took out her phone. “I’m calling her dad.”
The next evening was Halloween. The girls were at the school disco. “Are you sure you’re OK now?” asked Tara. “I’m fine,” said Amy. “It wasn’t a serious attack. I think it was the paint fumes that started it.” Tara looked around. “So, where are the zombies?” “Who cares?” Amy said. “I don’t want to see Kamal again. Come on, let’s dance!”
Amy and Tara were having a great time when Grant arrived, looking worried. “Hi, my phone has been stolen. Have you seen Kamal? He told me to meet him here. Can you phone him?” “Get lost, idiot!” Tara turned away and didn’t stop dancing. Grant looked hurt. “Tell him I’m looking for him if you see him,” he called as he left. Tara really didn’t like Grant.
Just then Tara’s phone beeped and she looked at the screen. “Ha!” she said, “I don’t believe it!” “What?” Amy asked. “Kamal just sent a text. Listen to this!” Tara read Kamal’s text.
“I’m at the house. I’m trapped. Please help. My battery is running out. Call an ambulance.”
The girls continued dancing. Lots of their friends had seen Kamal’s text too, but Tara told everyone to ignore it. It was just another one of his jokes.
The next morning, Amy’s mum and dad were listening to the news on the radio while they were having breakfast. “Is Amy up yet?” Dad asked. “No, today’s a holiday and she didn’t get back home from the disco until midnight,” said Mum, turning the volume up on the radio.
“This morning, police are asking if anyone has information about the tragic death of a sixteen-year-old schoolboy last night in an abandoned house on Moortown Road…”
Dad put down his newspaper and looked at the radio. “But that’s where Amy went with her friends on Monday.”
“…The boy, who died from loss of blood, was discovered early this morning partly buried under a pile of rubble and has been identified as Kamal Naseer…”
February 15-19
English in Mind page 45,
Page 46 Read the magazine page and do the exercises
February 8-12
The first sentence is in the ACTIVE VOICE. Choose the most correct way of saying the same thing in the PASSIVE VOICE:
1. They were interviewing her for the job.
She ________________ for the job.
was being interviewed
was interviewed
has been interviewed
2. Tom is writing the letter.
The letter ________________ by Tom.
was written
is being written
has been written
3. Everyone understands English.
English ________________ by everyone.
is understood
has been understood
was understood
4. The employees brought up this issue during the meeting.
This issue ________________ by the employees during the meeting.
has been brought up
is brought up
was brought up
5. The professor told him not to talk in class.
He ________________ by the professor not to talk in class.
has been told
was told
was being told
6. They say that women are smarter than men.
Women ________________ to be smarter than men.
were being said
were said
are said
7. The fire has destroyed the house.
The house ________________ by the fire.
has been destroyed
was being destroyed
is destroyed
8. She would have told you.
You ________________ by her.
would have been told
would be told
were being told
9. She would reject the offer.
The offer ________________ by her.
will have been rejected
would be rejected
will be rejected
10. This surprises me.
I ________________ by this.
would have been surprised
will be surprised
am surprised
pages 42-44
Write passive sentences in Simple Present.
- the documents / print
- the window / open
- the shoes / buy
- the car / wash
- the litter / throw away
- the letter / send
- the book / read / not
- the songs / sing / not
- the food / eat / not
- the shop / close / not
February 1-5
English in Mind, pages 37-39
Fill in the simple form of the PRESENT PERFECT TENSE !
- Someone … (EAT) my apple.
- Oh no ! I ….. (BREAK) a window.
- My sister …… (START) a new job recently.
- You …… (NOT LEAVE) your homework on the bus. Here it is.
- I ….. (WRITE) my English essay.
- We …… (ALREADY FINISH) our shopping.
- I …….(LOSE) all my money.
- John …… (NOT GO) to the supermarket. He’s still here.
- Your girlfriend …… (JUST PHONE).
- Mr and Mrs Jackson ……. (NOT SEE) the new film yet.
- Peter ……(NEVER SEE) such a large dog,
- They ……..(LIVE) here for a long time.
- He’s late. He …… (NOT ARRIVE) yet.
- …….. (HE EVER BE) to Australia ?
- I ………(BUY) some new shows and a hat.
Test on Present Perfect
Test your knowledge on the Present Perfect. After submitting your answers, you will see how well you have done in the test.
Test
Write the participle form of the following verbs.
- go →
- sing →
- be →
- buy →
- do →
Complete the table in present perfect simple.
| positive | negative | question |
|---|---|---|
| He has written a letter. | ||
| They have not stopped. | ||
| Have we danced? | ||
| She has worked. | ||
| Andy has not slept. |
Write sentences in present perfect simple.
- they / ask / a question –
- he / speak / English –
- I / be / in my room –
- we / not / wash / the car –
- Annie / not / forget / her homework –
Write questions in present perfect simple.
- they / finish / their homework –
- Sue / kiss / Ben –
- the waiter / bring / the tea –
- Marilyn / pay / the bill –
- you / ever / write / a poem –
Ask for the information in the bold part of the sentence.
- They have talked about art at school. –
- Jane has got a letter. –
- Oliver has cooked dinner. –
- Caron has read seven pages. –
- You have heard the song 100 times. –
December 21-25
A New Year A New Start
Think about your New Year’s resolutions and your happiest memories of the past year. Consider short-term and long-term goals and think about the paths you can take to make your dreams come true. How can you improve your life in the new year? If you could have a New Year’s wish, what would it be? What are you the most excited for in the coming year? If you could celebrate the new year from anywhere in the world, where would you go? Why?
December 14-20
Present Simple Passive
Let/be allowed to
Describing a person’s age
pages 42,43,44
Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.
- He opens the door. –
- We set the table. –
- She pays a lot of money. –
- I draw a picture. –
- They wear blue shoes. –
- They don’t help you. –
- He doesn’t open the book. –
- You do not write the letter. –
- Does your mum pick you up? –
- Does the police officer catch the thief? –
December 7-11
English in Mind, page 33. Question Tags
We often watch TV in the afternoon, ?
You have cleaned your bike, ?
John and Max don’t like maths, ?
Peter played handball yesterday, ?
They are going home from school, ?
Mary didn’t do her homework last Monday, ?
He could have bought a new car, ?
Kevin will come tonight, ?
I’m clever, ?
I hope Sissy won’t come to the party, ?
2. Jack’s on holiday, ?
Yes, he’s in Portugal.
3. Let’s go out tonight, ?
Yes, let’s.
4. Listen, ?
OK, I’m listening.
5. There is a bus to 1st Street every hour, ?
6. Tom won’t be late, ?
No, he’s never late.
7. You wouldn’t tell anyone ?
No, of course not.
8. I am not your best friend, ?
9. We had to wait for a long time, ?
10. You can speak English, ?
Yes, but not very fluently.
11. You’re tired, ?
12. She hardly ever goes to the parties, ?
13. She scarcely cares, ?
14. We’d rather live in the country, ?
15. Sue doesn’t know Ann, ?
No, they’ve never met.
16. That suit is very expensive, ?
17. There are a lot of people here, ?
Yes, more than I expected.
18. This isn’t very interesting, ?
No, not very.
19. You don’t like spinach, ?
20. Harry and Loyd won’t have to go there tomorrow, ?
“A Chaparral Christmas Gift” by O. Henry
November 30-05
English in Mind, pages 30,31
Water
How much water is there on, in, and above the Earth?
All Earth’s water, liquid fresh water, and water in lakes and rivers
The Earth is a watery place. But just how much water exists on, in, and above our planet? About 71 percent of the Earth’s surface is water-covered, and the oceans hold about 96.5 percent of all Earth’s water. Water also exists in the air as water vapor, in rivers and lakes, in icecaps and glaciers, in the ground as soil moisture and in aquifers, and even in you and your dog.
Water is never sitting still. Thanks to the water cycle, our planet’s water supply is constantly moving from one place to another and from one form to another. Things would get pretty stale without the water cycle!
Where does water come from?
Why do cold water bottles and soft-drink bottles sweat?
When does water boil?
Why is water blue?
When is water the most dense?
| Water Facts |
| Water is made up of two elements, hydrogen and oxygen. Its chemical formula is H2O.Each molecule of water is made up of two hydrogen atoms bonded to a single oxygen atom. The existence of water is essential for life on Earth.Water has three different states, liquid, solid and gas. The word water usually refers to water in its liquid state. The solid state of water is known as ice while the gas state of water is known as steam or water vapor. Water covers around 70% of the Earth’s surface.The three largest oceans on Earth are the Pacific Ocean (largest), the Atlantic Ocean (second largest) and the Indian Ocean (third largest). More ocean facts.Found in the Pacific Ocean, the Mariana Trench is the deepest known point in the world’s oceans.Ocean tides are caused by the rotation of the Earth and the gravitational pull of the Moon and Sun acting on ocean water.Water from a sea or ocean is known as seawater. On average, every kilogram (2.2lb) of seawater contains around 35 grams (1.2 oz) of dissolved salt.The freezing point of water lowers as the amount of salt dissolved in at increases. With average levels of salt, seawater freezes at -2 °C (28.4 °F).The longest river in the world is the Nile River, it reaches 6650 kilometers in length (4132 miles).The second longest river in the world is the Amazon River, it reaches 6400 kilometres (4000 miles) in length.The longest river in the USA is the Missouri River. At around 2,340 miles (3,770 km) in length it is slightly longer than the Mississippi River (2,320 miles). The two combine to form the longest river system in North America.Water makes a good solvent with many sugar, salts and acids easily dissolving in it. On the other hand oils and fats don’t mix well with water.The water cycle involves water evaporating (turning into a gas), rising to the sky, cooling and condensing into tiny drops of water or ice crystals that we see as clouds, falling back to Earth as rain, snow or hail before evaporating again and continuing the cycle. Learn more about the water cycle.Water in the form of ice is found at the polar ice caps of the planet Mars, some scientists have also suggested the possibility of liquid water on the red planet. Pure water has no smell and no taste, it also has a pH level around 7.While most people know that water boils at 100 °C (212 °F), this is at the normal conditions of sea level. The boiling point of water actually changes relative to the barometric pressure. For example, water boils at just 68 °C (154 °F) on the top of Mount Everest while water deep in the ocean near geothermal vents can remain in liquid form at temperatures much higher than 100 °C (212 °F).Water expands as it cools from 4 °C to 0 °C (above 4 °C it does the opposite). In freezing conditions, water has been known to burst water pipes as it freezes to ice.Water can move up narrow tubes against the force of gravity in what is known as capillary action. Most people around the world have access to clean drinking water but it is a major problem in poorer areas of the world. Water pollution and low quality water can lead to dangerous bacteria, disease and viruses . Drinking water is needed for humans to avoid dehydration, the amount you need each day depends on the temperature, how much activity you are involved in and other factors.An important use for water is in agricultural irrigation, this is when water is artificially added to soil in order to assist the growth of crops.Water is used frequently by firefighters to extinguish fires. Helicopters sometimes drop large amount of water on wildfires and bushfires to stop fires spreading and limit the damage they can cause. The water industry helps deliver water to homes in various cities and countries around the world. This can involve services such as purification, sewage treatment, filtering, distillation and plumbing.Electricity can be created from hydropower, a process that uses water to drive water turbines connected to generators. There are many hydroelectric power stations around the world.Water also plays a role in cooking. Steaming and boiling food are well known cooking methods. You may have noticed this last time you made pasta or noodles.Water is also used for fun. Water sports are a very popular recreational activity and include things like swimming, surfing and waterskiing. Ice and snow is also used in ice skating, ice hockey, skiing and snowboarding. |
November 23-30
Կրթահամալիրի օրացույցով 2020թ. նոյեմբերին «Սեբաստացու օրեր. կրթահամալիրի տոն» ամենամյա ուսումնական ստուգատեսն է:
Մխիթարյան կաթոլիկ միաբանության հիմնադիրը, գիտնականը, կրոնական և հանրային գործիչը:
«Ես Սեբաստացի եմ» բաց դաս. ներկայանում են սովորողները:
ՍԵԲԱՍՏԱՑԻՆԵՐԸ
Սովորողները ներկայացնում են իրենց ընտանիքի սեբաստացիներին` սովորող, աշխատող` հին և նոր, հարցազրույցներ վերցնում, ֆիլմեր պատրաստում:
November 9-20
English in mind, pages 25-29
A Marathon, Sports
Definition
1. a race in which people run on roads over a distance of 42 kilometres or about 26 miles
2. an activity that takes a long time to complete and needs a lot of energy and determination
ORIGIN AND USAGE
The word marathon comes from a Greek legend that tells the story of Pheidippides, who ran from the Plains of Marathon all the way to Athens in 490 BCE to spread the news of the Greeks’ victory over the Persian army. The running race based on the story was first introduced at the Olympic Games in 1896.
EXAMPLES
Marathon refers to a running race that stretches over 42 kilometres, or about 26 miles. Marathons require extensive training, sometimes lasting months, and completing a marathon is a significant accomplishment for most people. Marathons are held all over the world and the men’s marathon has been a part of the Summer Olympic Games since 1896 (the women’s marathon event was added to the Olympics in 1984).
Most marathons are run on paved road courses, which are relatively straight and easy to navigate. Recently, ultra-marathons have become more popular.
These marathons are run on more difficult courses that combine paved surfaces and dirt roads, mountain trails or other rugged terrain. Ultra-marathon courses also cover longer distances than traditional marathons – some courses can be 160 kilometres or more.
Many marathon enthusiasts agree that the most gruelling marathon in the world is the Barkley Marathons, held each year in the woods of Tennessee in the United States. The Barkley Marathons course covers between 97 km (the ‘fun run’) and 160 km (the full course) and requires runners to climb roughly 16,500 metres, almost twice the height of Mount Everest, over a period of 60 hours. More than a thousand runners have attempted the Barkley Marathons and only 15 have finished, two of them more than once.
What are some sports you like watching? Why?
What are some sports you dislike watching? Why?
Do you play any sports? If so, which ones?
Would you like to learn how to play a sport or do an activity? What would you like to learn?
Why are sports so popular?
Do you know of any interesting or strange sports or activities?
What two sports would you like to mix?
Do you prefer to watch sports or play them? Why
What do you think is the most dangerous sport?
The Adjective
October 15-30
Heroes
The question “Who is your hero?” is a difficult one to answer; so many people have done heroic things that it is hard to choose just one. In addition, there isn’t just one type of hero; there are many.
First of all, we have heroes in popular culture: in books, films and cartoons, to name a few. Superman and Batman are two well-known comic-book heroes; the latter of the two has no superpowers, and instead has to rely on his own skills. Many of us are familiar with James Bond (also known as 007), the British spy invented by Ian Fleming. Each Disney story has a hero or heroine: Rapunzel in Tangled, Merida in Brave and Elsa in Frozen, for example. Lots of young children will often have a fictional character as their hero: someone they aspire to be like when they grow up.
Of course, there are also many people who are known around the world for their heroic deeds. People like Nelson Mandela, Mohandas Gandhi and Martin Luther King are all considered to be heroes. Each of them fought for a cause and achieved results, without resorting to violence. These people were brave, courageous and loyal to their people. Many British people regard Winston Churchill as a hero, as he consistently fought the Nazi regime and kept Britain free from invasion. Abraham Lincoln, a former American president, put an end to slavery and is consequently remembered as a hero. There are some lesser-known heroes, such as Oskar Schindler who saved the lives of thousands of Jews during the Holocaust.
Last, but by no means least, there are the unsung heroes. These are the people who do good things constantly – yet tend not to receive praise for their actions. Think about your mother, your father, your family. They support you and believe in you; they help you to achieve your dreams. Unsung heroes are everywhere – teachers, firemen, police officers, soldiers, doctors.
Heroes all have some qualities in common. A hero (or heroine) is someone who does something for the benefit of society and does not seek a reward for his or her actions. Heroes are compassionate, empathetic (this means they understand others’ feelings), strong-willed and driven to succeed. They often have to overcome obstacles to achieve their dreams.
Who is your hero?
What is a hero for you? Do they exist?
Not every heroic person or organisation is famous. Can you think of any examples?
What happens to people when they become heroes? In what way do they change? In what way do our expectations of them change?
Can you think of any heroes who have suddenly become villains because of scandals? If they had been “ordinary people” would they have had the same problems?
Many sports stars are heroes. Should they live their lives differently because they are heroes? Why? Why not?
What do you think of the salaries sporting heroes receive?
Do you have any personal heroes? Why?
Have you ever had a personal hero who let you down in some way?
Would you like to be a hero? What sort?
What makes a hero a hero?
Which superhero do you want to be?
What are some problems with being a hero?
Who are some (choose nationality) heroes?
What are the benefits of being a hero?
What’s the difference between a hero and a fool?
Why do people need heroes?
How do heroes change the world?
How do heroes impact our daily lives?
Would you call yourself a hero?
How would you describe a hero?
English in mind, pages 12-15
What did they invent?
| What is the greatest invention of the year? | |
|---|---|
| What do you think an inventor’s life is like? | |
| What is the world’s most dangerous invention? | |
| What is the coolest invention ever? | |
| Have you ever thought about inventing anything? |
October 12-16
English in Mind 2, pages 8,9
English in Mind Student’s book
September 22-30
Lesson 1
Revision exercises/page 9
Lesson 2
Read the dialogue on page 10
Grammar: first conditional
Hometask :ex.2,page 10,ex.3,4,page 11
«Մխիթար Սեբաստացի» կրթահամալիր Անահիտ Մելքոնյան 